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我发布全球首套湖库遥感水色指数科学数据集

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2021-02-10 08:30:06 转载来源: 光明日报

反映全球范围千余大型湖库近20年水色长时间序列时空变化趋势湖泊、水库的水体质量与人类健康息息相关。那么对湖泊、水库的水质监测除了现场取样还有什么办法吗?遥感可以来帮忙

反映全球范围千余大型湖库近20年水色长时间序列时空变化趋势

湖泊、水库的水体质量与人类健康息息相关。那么对湖泊、水库的水质监测除了现场取样还有什么办法吗?遥感可以来帮忙。

日前,中国科学院空天信息创新研究院张兵研究员团队发布了全球首套湖库遥感水色指数科学数据集,反映了全球范围千余个大型湖库在过去近20年的水色长时间序列时空变化趋势。该数据集为全球及区域尺度湖库水质监测及其变化研究提供了重要的科学数据支撑,对于全球变化研究、全球及区域水环境保护、联合国可持续发展目标实现等具有重要意义。

水色指数是湖库、河流和海洋水质的重要衡量指标,与水体清洁度及富营养化状态相关。卫星遥感可以通过获取水体离水辐射光谱以提供大范围、高频率、连续且客观的湖库水质观测信息。

但与海洋清洁水体相比,湖库水体复杂且受周边环境和人类活动影响大,并呈破碎性分布,这为利用遥感技术监测长时序大范围湖库水质变化带来了很大困难。经过多年系统研究,张兵研究团队突破了大范围长时序湖库水质参数遥感反演的一系列关键理论与方法问题,于2018年首次实现了基于水色指数的全球大型湖库富营养化遥感监测,于2020年首次实现了基于水色指数的2000年以来全国大型湖库透明度长时序变化遥感监测。

研究发现,在过去近20年中,全球有36%的大型湖库水色指数呈显著下降趋势,表明湖库水体变得更清澈,这些湖库主要集中在寒冷地区,如青藏高原、欧洲北部、北美北部及南美南端等地区;同时,有8%的大型湖库水色指数呈显著上升趋势,表明湖库水体变得更浑浊,这些湖库在全球分布较为分散。

此次研发的全球首套湖库遥感水色指数科学数据集,包括模型方法与获取方式等发表在《自然》旗下的科学数据(Scientific Data)期刊,并在全网免费共享(数据集共享网址:https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13014299)。

标签: 发布 全球 首套湖 遥感 水色 指数 科学 数据


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