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这些动物会转换性别 - 站长搜索
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这些动物会转换性别

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2020-04-28 09:15:06 转载来源: 科技日报

一般情况下,一种动物是什么性别,那么它终生都是什么性别。而转化性别的能力貌似只有在动漫或者是科幻片中才能看到,但实际上在自然界中有些动物是可以转化性别的,科学家称这种现象为序列性雌雄同体

一般情况下,一种动物是什么性别,那么它终生都是什么性别。而转化性别的能力貌似只有在动漫或者是科幻片中才能看到,但实际上在自然界中有些动物是可以转化性别的,科学家称这种现象为序列性雌雄同体。

在鱼卵孵化时,所有的金头鲷个体都是雄性,而当它们长到一定年龄,就会根据重量、荷尔蒙和群体因素等条件的不同,选择是否变成雌性。

小丑鱼是按族群生活的,幼年时期没有性别之分。但为了繁衍后代,会有一只小丑鱼主动变成雌性,其余小丑鱼则变成雄性,繁衍后代。如果这个雌性小丑鱼死了,那么族群里剩下的雄性小丑鱼会有一只自动变成雌性,以此循环。

黄鳝是我国南方常见的一种鱼。初生的黄鳝达到第一次性成熟,全部都是雌性的。当完成第一次繁殖后,进入第二次性成熟时,黄鳝的性别就由雌性转变为雄性。

在一种海洋蚯蚓中,如果两只雌性相遇了,那么个头比较小的那只会渐渐转变成雄性,化身为“丈夫”。当然,如果后来“丈夫”的个头又超过了“妻子”,它们的“夫妻”角色又会进行转变。总之就是,谁个头小,谁就做“丈夫”。

经过40多年的研究,科学家对于序列性雌雄同体现象已经有了一定的了解,但是仍无法对序列性雌雄同体的罕见性做出合理解释。

在耶鲁大学和美国国家科学基金会的资助下,耶鲁大学研究人员对这个现象进行了研究。他们表示,序列性雌雄同体生物30%的生命将花费在变性过程中,但是其仍能保持种族的数量。这项研究表明,对于绝大多数动物来说,改变性别需要花费相当多的时间和能量,因此其无法改变性别。

标签: 这些 动物 转换 性别


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