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云南德宏首次发现舌喙兰属珍稀植物 - 站长搜索
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云南德宏首次发现舌喙兰属珍稀植物

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2020-11-26 08:47:07 转载来源: 科技日报

新知 科技日报讯 (记者赵汉斌)记者19日从云南省德宏州林业和草原局获悉,一种分布于德宏芒市海拔1800米至2000米区域的珍稀兰科舌喙兰属植物——美叶舌喙兰身份日前得到确认。 据《中国植物志》早期记载,舌喙兰属共有13种,主要产于我国西南山地与喜马拉雅地区,南面分布至泰国;我国共有9种,均被世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)评估为易危物种

新知

科技日报讯 (记者赵汉斌)记者19日从云南德宏州林业和草原局获悉,一种分布于德宏芒市海拔1800米至2000米区域的珍稀兰科舌喙兰属植物——美叶舌喙兰身份日前得到确认。

据《中国植物志》早期记载,舌喙兰属共有13种,主要产于我国西南山地与喜马拉雅地区,南面分布至泰国;我国共有9种,均被世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)评估为易危物种。但《中国植物志》中,并未有美叶舌喙兰的信息;英文修订版《Flora of China》中记载,美叶舌喙兰国内产于云南,国外分布于缅甸和越南,通常生长在石灰岩山地林缘地带,花期为每年7月至10月,但无确切产地信息。

中国科学院植物研究所刘冰博士介绍,美叶舌喙兰归舌喙兰属,为多年生草本,植株主干5.5—11厘米,块茎卵球形,茎基部具1枚膜质鞘。叶1—2枚,叶片圆形至卵形,长1.5—3厘米,宽1—2.5厘米,基部心形至圆形,先端尖,正面深绿色,带紫色网纹,背面暗绿色至紫色。花序长5—9.5厘米,花白色至紫色,花梗和子房直立,中萼片和花瓣都呈卵形,唇瓣椭圆形至倒卵形,边缘波状或具小锯齿,蕊柱长约2毫米,蕊喙舌状。

此前,科考人员在多年野外调查中均未发现美叶舌喙兰的踪迹。云南省德宏州林业和草原局二级调研员李发良数年前在野外调查中,无意中拍摄到这种罕见的兰科植物。由于其独特的叶型,与舌喙兰属其他种迥异,因此持续追踪探访。2020年7月,经过刘冰博士和云南省林业和草原科学院高级工程师蒋宏等参与鉴别,认为这就是从未有标本和影像记录的美叶舌喙兰。

李发良向科技日报记者介绍说,兰科是被子植物最大科之一,具有极高的药用和观赏价值,目前其野生种群数量正呈严重下降趋势,开展迁地保护是非常重要的保护手段。下一步,他们将加强周边公益林区管护,密切关注种群变化,对美叶舌喙兰加以有效保护。

标签: 云南 德宏 首次 发现 舌喙 兰属 珍稀 植物


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