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日本发现土豆毒素基因 - 站长搜索
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日本发现土豆毒素基因

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2014-09-24 10:42:55 转载来源: 网络整理/侵权必删

站长搜索(www.adminso.com):日本发现土豆毒素基因 吃土豆时不能吃嫩芽,这是由于土豆嫩芽中含有天然毒素,会引起食物中毒。日本研究人员日前发现,土豆内一种基因在土豆嫩芽和受光线照射后变绿的表皮内参与合成天然毒素

站长搜索(www.adminso.com):日本发现土豆毒素基因

吃土豆时不能吃嫩芽,这是由于土豆嫩芽中含有天然毒素,会引起食物中毒。日本研究人员日前发现,土豆内一种基因在土豆嫩芽和受光线照射后变绿的表皮内参与合成天然毒素。如果能使这种基因不再发挥作用,就有望开发出有毒成分很少的土豆新品种。

土豆中的毒素属于类固醇糖苷生物碱,包括α-龙葵素和α-卡茄碱等,一般情况下含量很低,但如果是发芽或者表皮受光照后变绿,含量就会大幅提高,如果不慎食用,会引发呕吐、腹泻、头疼等症状。

此前的研究显示,类固醇糖苷生物碱是以胆固醇为中间体合成的,不过在植物所含的固醇中,胆固醇的含量非常少,所以科学界一直不清楚类固醇糖苷生物碱的详细合成机制。

日本理化学研究所、大阪大学等机构的研究人员为了弄清这一机制,通过酵母进行实验,发现一种名为“SSR2”的基因参与了胆固醇的合成。研究人员随后制作出使这种基因无法发挥作用的土豆,结果发现类固醇糖苷生物碱的含量随之降至通常水平的约10%。

研究小组认为,如果以这种基因为目标,就可以培育出有毒成分很少的土豆新品种。

标签: 日本 发现 土豆 毒素 基因


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